范某patients is a more than 60-year-old woman, six months ago began to feel pain in the left shoulder, when the light when the heavy, with calcium supplements and traditional Chinese medicine treatment, no effect. After a hospital diagnosis of periarthritis of shoulder, manager of therapy, acupuncture, massage and other treatment, his condition had improved, but soon after aggravating. Jan ago, accompanied by family members of patients treated in our hospital, after X-ray film inspection, has found her left shoulder humeral head and multiple lung metastases. After CT examination, she finally found the left apex walnut-sized mass of primary lung cancer. Surprisingly, the widespread transfer of the body due to lung cancer patients had died did not cough, hemoptysis, such as respiratory symptoms.
Lung cancer is a common cancer, the incidence increased in recent years, the typical symptoms of久治不愈coughing, bloody sputum, difficulty in breathing, chest pain and so on. For years the medical science with a wide range of publicity, when the patients most of the above symptoms can lead to the attention of their own and their families, timely to go to the hospital for treatment. But a small number of patients with special performance, such as there is no cough, hemoptysis, such as respiratory symptoms, but the bone and joint pain, neck swelling, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, headache and other symptoms. They often repeated in the orthopedic clinic, physiotherapy units, such as传染科. If these sections of the lack of vigilance doctor easily lead to misdiagnosis, misuse of governance, to bring in patients with irreparable consequences. I according to their years of clinical experience, that the following points will help patients and doctors to detect lung cancer are not typical.
▲ smoking history of patients, such as the emergence of unexplained bone and joint pain, headaches, even if there is no respiratory symptoms, we should also think of the possibility of lung cancer.
▲久治不愈on the same site of the pneumonia patients, should be alert to the possibility of occurrence of lung cancer. By chest X-ray film and CT examination can not be a clear diagnosis of patients and can be used for fiberoptic bronchoscopy to help diagnosis.
▲ over 40 years of age who best conditional annually chest X-ray examination.
▲ similar clinical manifestations of lung cancer and chest X-ray examination in patients with normal, should be further CT examination, because CT found that lung cancer is more sensitive than chest X-ray.
▲ exfoliated cells in sputum examination is simple, easy, no harm to the patient, should give full play to the role of the inspection means to help clear diagnosis.
Tuesday, January 13, 2009
What are the symptoms of early lung cancer
In recent years, the incidence of lung cancer increased significantly. However, the early symptoms of lung cancer and what does?
Implicit gradually lung cancer, and its early symptoms are not many, and some people even be aware of, but only occasionally found in the examination. Once there were significant symptoms, often in close late, when treatment has been very difficult, but the relatively higher mortality rates of patients. Therefore, for lung cancer, your in the diagnosis and early treatment.
Following the early symptoms and signs of early diagnosis of lung cancer have some help:
1, the sudden dry cough, cough for more than two weeks, and anti-inflammatory treatment does not work, or the original nature of chronic cough sudden change;
2, bloody sputum and sudden severe chest pain, and no obvious reason for the interpreter;
3, lung auscultation, there are limitations wheezing sound,笛音, rhonchus not cough and change;
4, repeatedly appear somewhere in the lung inflammation change;
5, can not be used to explain the limitations of the general bronchitis increased lung markings or limitations of emphysema;
6, long-term smoking, coughing change, and blood and sputum.
Implicit gradually lung cancer, and its early symptoms are not many, and some people even be aware of, but only occasionally found in the examination. Once there were significant symptoms, often in close late, when treatment has been very difficult, but the relatively higher mortality rates of patients. Therefore, for lung cancer, your in the diagnosis and early treatment.
Following the early symptoms and signs of early diagnosis of lung cancer have some help:
1, the sudden dry cough, cough for more than two weeks, and anti-inflammatory treatment does not work, or the original nature of chronic cough sudden change;
2, bloody sputum and sudden severe chest pain, and no obvious reason for the interpreter;
3, lung auscultation, there are limitations wheezing sound,笛音, rhonchus not cough and change;
4, repeatedly appear somewhere in the lung inflammation change;
5, can not be used to explain the limitations of the general bronchitis increased lung markings or limitations of emphysema;
6, long-term smoking, coughing change, and blood and sputum.
Tumor confirmed the basis for
Pathological examination is the most accurate diagnosis of the tumor the most reliable methods. It is made of the sick organ secretions smear or remove the lesions directly into slices or small organizations, Indian films, placed under a microscope to observe the cell morphology, structure, etc., to determine the nature of the tumor.
Histopathological pathology is usually divided into two major parts and cell pathology. Pathological diagnosis can not only determine the tumor's benign or malignant prognosis, but more importantly to provide a reliable basis for treatment.
However, pathological diagnosis, also have limitations. Their biopsy specimens, giant body biopsy material, and random checks are ultimately in the light microscope to see only a very small portion of lesions, and sometimes can not replace the entire lesion. In addition the reliability of pathological diagnosis and pathological specimens are also selected. In particular the reliability of cytopathology and histopathology is still a gap compared to, and sometimes there are false-negative results. Clinical diagnosis and pathological diagnosis does not match, the pathological diagnosis should be reviewed, if the pathological diagnosis of the exact accurate, may wish to consider whether the selection of pathology specimens properly. If necessary, to be based on many occasions, so once again pathological diagnosis. In order to avoid misdiagnosis, delaying medical treatment time.
Tumor biochemical, immunological and diagnostic imaging although a great deal of development, but to determine the nature of the tumor is still rely largely on the pathological diagnosis.
A lot of patients that do, such as advanced inspection ct, pet or mri, such as cancer can be confirmed, which is not accurate
Histopathological pathology is usually divided into two major parts and cell pathology. Pathological diagnosis can not only determine the tumor's benign or malignant prognosis, but more importantly to provide a reliable basis for treatment.
However, pathological diagnosis, also have limitations. Their biopsy specimens, giant body biopsy material, and random checks are ultimately in the light microscope to see only a very small portion of lesions, and sometimes can not replace the entire lesion. In addition the reliability of pathological diagnosis and pathological specimens are also selected. In particular the reliability of cytopathology and histopathology is still a gap compared to, and sometimes there are false-negative results. Clinical diagnosis and pathological diagnosis does not match, the pathological diagnosis should be reviewed, if the pathological diagnosis of the exact accurate, may wish to consider whether the selection of pathology specimens properly. If necessary, to be based on many occasions, so once again pathological diagnosis. In order to avoid misdiagnosis, delaying medical treatment time.
Tumor biochemical, immunological and diagnostic imaging although a great deal of development, but to determine the nature of the tumor is still rely largely on the pathological diagnosis.
A lot of patients that do, such as advanced inspection ct, pet or mri, such as cancer can be confirmed, which is not accurate
Lung diseases which need to identify
Lung cancer cases according to tumor location, pathological type and course of disease sooner or later, such as different situations presented in the clinical symptoms and x-ray findings also varied, easily confused with other lung diseases. Therefore, the lung cancer cases in particular, early diagnosis, early treatment of early diagnosis is important. (A) TB
1. Tuberculoma easily confused with peripheral lung cancer. Tuberculoma was particularly prevalent in young patients. Lesion often located on the tip, after the paragraph or paragraphs under the dorsal, the general growth was not obvious, longer course, in the x-ray films uneven mass density, we can see light sparse areas, often calcified points, the edge of smooth boundaries clear the lungs often otherwise scattered foci of tuberculosis.
2. Miliary tuberculosis of the x-ray findings with the diffuse type bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is similar to
1. Tuberculoma easily confused with peripheral lung cancer. Tuberculoma was particularly prevalent in young patients. Lesion often located on the tip, after the paragraph or paragraphs under the dorsal, the general growth was not obvious, longer course, in the x-ray films uneven mass density, we can see light sparse areas, often calcified points, the edge of smooth boundaries clear the lungs often otherwise scattered foci of tuberculosis.
2. Miliary tuberculosis of the x-ray findings with the diffuse type bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is similar to
Extrapulmonary manifestations of lung cancer
The mortality rate of lung cancer accounts for the first malignancy. Poor prognosis of lung cancer primarily related to the low rate of early diagnosis, understanding the performance of lung cancer early, regular medical check-ups on high-risk groups is the key to early diagnosis.
Generally speaking, the lung cancer early symptoms of cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, shortness of breath and other respiratory performance. However, clinical found a considerable number of patients with lung cancer is not the beginning of the performance of pulmonary symptoms but the performance of extra-pulmonary symptoms, easily make the wrong impression, so the timing of the loss of early detection.
The appearance of lung cancer commonly available:
Abnormal secretion of tumor cells with a variety of material related to the performance: the limbs, unexplained joint pain, finger pain; appear clubbed fingers (toes), or fingers and toes were remote hammer-shaped drum; male abnormal breast development; limb pain, fatigue; edema, hypertension, high blood sugar; diarrhea, food satisfied decline, suffering from weight loss, lethargy; skin pigmentation, skin rash, such as intractable.
Metastasis of lung cancer caused by extra-pulmonary performance: such as headache, vomiting, hoarseness, low back pain, upper limb pain and so on, easily misdiagnosed as cerebrovascular accident, and so on periarthritis of shoulder.
In short, the first symptom of lung cancer varied, easy to be ignored. High-risk groups for lung cancer, such as the above-mentioned symptoms should check the hospital soon.
Generally speaking, the lung cancer early symptoms of cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, shortness of breath and other respiratory performance. However, clinical found a considerable number of patients with lung cancer is not the beginning of the performance of pulmonary symptoms but the performance of extra-pulmonary symptoms, easily make the wrong impression, so the timing of the loss of early detection.
The appearance of lung cancer commonly available:
Abnormal secretion of tumor cells with a variety of material related to the performance: the limbs, unexplained joint pain, finger pain; appear clubbed fingers (toes), or fingers and toes were remote hammer-shaped drum; male abnormal breast development; limb pain, fatigue; edema, hypertension, high blood sugar; diarrhea, food satisfied decline, suffering from weight loss, lethargy; skin pigmentation, skin rash, such as intractable.
Metastasis of lung cancer caused by extra-pulmonary performance: such as headache, vomiting, hoarseness, low back pain, upper limb pain and so on, easily misdiagnosed as cerebrovascular accident, and so on periarthritis of shoulder.
In short, the first symptom of lung cancer varied, easy to be ignored. High-risk groups for lung cancer, such as the above-mentioned symptoms should check the hospital soon.
Precancerous lesions of lung cancer.
World recognized smoking-related lung cancer, smoking and lung cancer with the cause of a causal relationship. The incidence of lung cancer in our country there is an upward trend.
Precancerous lesions of lung cancer: When bronchial epithelial cells by a long-term carcinogenic substances to stimulate and influence, they gradually change hyperplasia, a serious pre-cancerous cells are some of the changes. Such as to stimulate long-term smoking, it has the potential to proliferation of cancerous cells. Sputum cytology of lung cancer is detected an important means of precancerous lesion and contribute to systematic observation of bronchial epithelial cells from the precancerous condition to the whole process of transition.
Prevention and treatment: First, to avoid smoking and non-smokers in public places. Air pollution and smoking increase in the number of precancerous lesions of the lung and lung cancer incidence soared an important factor. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis, and lung cancer are relatively more expensive.
Diet can prevent lung cancer. Eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, carotenoids, such as drinking low-fat milk. For example: 300 mg per day of vitamin C to eat food, his suffering from chronic bronchitis may eat daily 100 mg vitamin C foods were the incidence of 1 / 3 of the following. Whether from food or drugs to obtain vitamin C, its effectiveness is likely to have antioxidant, thereby protecting the lung tissue. Carotene to prevent smokers suffering from the role of oral leukoplakia. Can be used in addition to vitamin B, folic acid, tonkinensis such to prevent precancerous lesions.
Precancerous lesions of lung cancer: When bronchial epithelial cells by a long-term carcinogenic substances to stimulate and influence, they gradually change hyperplasia, a serious pre-cancerous cells are some of the changes. Such as to stimulate long-term smoking, it has the potential to proliferation of cancerous cells. Sputum cytology of lung cancer is detected an important means of precancerous lesion and contribute to systematic observation of bronchial epithelial cells from the precancerous condition to the whole process of transition.
Prevention and treatment: First, to avoid smoking and non-smokers in public places. Air pollution and smoking increase in the number of precancerous lesions of the lung and lung cancer incidence soared an important factor. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis, and lung cancer are relatively more expensive.
Diet can prevent lung cancer. Eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, carotenoids, such as drinking low-fat milk. For example: 300 mg per day of vitamin C to eat food, his suffering from chronic bronchitis may eat daily 100 mg vitamin C foods were the incidence of 1 / 3 of the following. Whether from food or drugs to obtain vitamin C, its effectiveness is likely to have antioxidant, thereby protecting the lung tissue. Carotene to prevent smokers suffering from the role of oral leukoplakia. Can be used in addition to vitamin B, folic acid, tonkinensis such to prevent precancerous lesions.
Often accompanied by headache in patients with lung cancer
(1) guard against brain metastases: the incidence of brain metastases from lung cancer accounted for about 20% ~ 50%. If clinical headache, vomiting, twitching limbs, mental abnormal symptoms should first brain CT, to exclude the brain metastases. In addition, EEG, cerebral angiography is also conducive to the diagnosis.
(2) lung cancer patients in chemotherapy, some chemotherapy drugs such as vincristine, colchicine, fluorouracil and other central nervous system have different degrees of damage, sometimes caused headaches.
(3) superior vena cava syndrome occurs, due to blocked blood reflux, causing head and neck edema and headache occurred.
(4) lung cancer patients with respiratory function often affected, causing the body with the outside world and poor gas exchange, resulting in lower oxygen content, caused by asphyxia due to headaches and dizziness.
(2) lung cancer patients in chemotherapy, some chemotherapy drugs such as vincristine, colchicine, fluorouracil and other central nervous system have different degrees of damage, sometimes caused headaches.
(3) superior vena cava syndrome occurs, due to blocked blood reflux, causing head and neck edema and headache occurred.
(4) lung cancer patients with respiratory function often affected, causing the body with the outside world and poor gas exchange, resulting in lower oxygen content, caused by asphyxia due to headaches and dizziness.
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